The records I share today were another unexpected find discovered through random searches on the FamilySearch website’s ‘Experiments’ page. On this page, you can harness the power of artificial intelligence to expand your search of historical records with full-text capabilities. I have had great success with this function for ancestors in the United States, United Kingdom, and New Zealand.
In this case, I discovered Greene County, Georgia Poor School Fund records for my direct ancestors and others in the family tree. These appear to be detailed vouchers submitted by teachers for payment of their services. The vouchers include the head of the family, the names of their children, the number of days each child attended school, whether they were orphans or not, and the total amount due to the teacher. The majority of classes were taught in Penfield in Greene County.
In 1859, Adrian S. Morgan submitted voucher number 12, in the amount of $179.07, “for teaching the following named poor children of said county in the elementary branches of an English education.” In the first record I discovered, three families stood out to me: Lankford, Wilson, and Jenkins.
Jas. Lankford’s children
James Meriweather Lankford was my 3rd great grandfather. His daughter, Mary T. Lankford, attended Mr. Morgan’s class for 90 days in 1859, and his son, James C. Lankford, attended for 91 days. I descend from his son James. This is one of the few records I have found documenting James with his children. It is also the first record I have found that describes him and his family as poor. James lived and worked in Penfield among the wealthy plantation owners, many of whom were millionaires. Although he lived and worked near and with them, he was not one of them. James was a member of the working class. I had wrongly assumed he did well for himself as an entrepreneur and businessman, owning a daily hack service, livery stables, and mercantile stores. James was a soldier, constable, stock trader, dabbled in real estate, was a horse doctor, and even wrote and published a book about horses. Despite all that, I never thought of him as poor, but apparently, I was wrong.
O. P. Wilson’s children
O. P. Wilson was Oliver Porter Wilson, my 3rd great grandfather. His daughter and my direct ancestor, Mary Ann Wilson, who attended Mr. Morgan’s classes for 181 days, was my 2nd great grandmother. She married James C. Lankford, son of James Meriweather Lankford. Oliver’s daughter, Martha, attended class for 83 days and William attended for 182 days.
Jenkins orphans
The three Jenkins orphans were John Nathan C. Jenkins, who attended Mr. Morgan’s class for 191 days; his sister Mary Elizabeth Jenkins, who attended for 114 days; and another sister, Marion Louisa Jenkins, who also attended for 114 days. Their mother, Marian Langford Hobbs, was my 4th great-aunt. Their father, John Jenkins, had been declared insane in the late 1840s and was unable to support his family or manage his property. John’s brother-in-law, James L. Tarwater, who was married to Marian’s sister Rebecca L. Hobbs (also my 4th great-aunt), had been appointed as John’s guardian. In 1850, Marian petitioned the courts for assistance in providing for the family’s support and safeguarding John’s property. She feared further loss of property and expressed concern about falling into poverty along with her children. John passed away sometime before 1856. Although Marian was still alive in 1859, it is unclear why they were labeled as orphans.
I found two of James M. Lankford’s children on another invoice, this one voucher number 11, submitted by John W. Lankford “for teaching the following named poor children of said County in the elementary branches of an English education during 1859.” This invoice included James C. Lankford and Emma S. Lankford. James attended Mr. Lankford’s class for 52 days, and Emma for 59 days. Mr. Lankford was likely James and Emma’s first cousin, son of William A. Lankford and his wife Nancy O. Goodman. William was the older brother of James M. Lankford. John would have been 21 years old at the time. He lived in Penfield in 1860, where the classes took place in 1859.
Interestingly, William and his son Robert were listed on page two of the invoice but were crossed out. It also included another family I am familiar with: the Silas A. Wilson family, including Linsey, James L., Alexander A., and Ella A. Wilson. His son, James, was 12 years old that year and had attended Mr. Lankford’s class for 26 days. Eleven years later, James married James M. Lankford’s daughter, Emma.
In 1860, the James M. Lankford family once again appeared on the Poor School Fund list. This time, the teacher was Miss Mary Callaway, who submitted a voucher for teaching named Greene County poor children during the year in one or all of the following: reading, writing, arithmetic, spelling, English, grammar, and geography.
His son, James (age 11), had attended Miss Callaway’s class for 25 days, and daughter, Emma (age 8), attended her class for 50 days.
Miss Callaway also taught three children in the Silas A. Wilson family in 1860: Linsey who attended her class for 34 days, Ella, who attended for 25 days, and James, who attended her class for 22 days.
In 1861, James C. and Emma Lankford were taught spelling, reading, writing, arithmetic, English, grammar, and geography by Dr. W. H. Patterson. James attended class for 80 days at a rate of tuition of $24, while Emma attended 85 days at a rate of $16.
Dr. Patterson also taught three of Oliver P. Wilson’s children in 1861: Martha, who attended class for 50 days, and both Mary and William, who attended for 110 days each, all at a rate of $24.
In 1862, Cassander Corlew submitted an invoice for teaching the children (scholars) of James M. Lankford, James L. Tarwater, and William Bryant: James Lankford, Emma Lankford, Emerette “Nannie” Lankford, Nathan Lankford, Mary Jenkins, Alexander Bryant, and Charles Bryant. William Bryant was the husband of Elizabeth Ann Lankford, sister of James Meriweather Lankford. William and Elizabeth lived most of their life in Oglethorpe County, which borders Greene County.
In 1864, John R. Boswell taught five of James M. Lankford’s children: James (age 15) who attended class for 90 days, Emerette (age 13) who attended for 60 days, Nathan (age 11) who attended for 150 days, Laura (age 9) who attended for 60 days, and Marion (age 7) who attended for 30 days. All five were taught spelling, reading, and writing.
Mr. Boswell also taught the children of William Bryant, who lived in the 146th District. The children who attended Mr. Boswell’s classes included: William Jr. (age 15) who attended for 90 days, Alexander (age 13) who attended for 60 days, Charlie (age 11) who attended for 150 days, Mattie (age 9) who attended for 200 days, and Herbert (age 7) who attended for 200 days. William and Alexander were taught spelling, reading, arithmetic, and writing; Charlie and Mattie were taught spelling, reading, and writing; and Herbert was taught spelling.
These Poor School Fund records are just an example of what you might find using the FamilySearch Experiments search engine. There were many others to explore. If you are not already using this capability in your research, I highly recommend checking it out. The web address is https://www.familysearch.org/search/full-text.
References
Estate Records: Greene County, Georgia, Probate Estate Case Files 1790–1943, images 593, 812–815, 821–823, 910, 1002, 1219–1220, 1143; https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9RB-TNF4?view=explore&groupId=TH-909-50366-14822-39&grid=on (access requires free registration).